Palabras clave
síndrome de down, maloclusión, modalidades de terapia física
Cómo citar
Tratamiento temprano de alteraciones orofaciales con fisioterapia y placa palatina en niños con síndrome de Down. (2019). Odontoestomatología, 21(34), 46-55. https://doi.org/10.22592/ode2019n34a6
Resumen
El Síndrome de Down (SD) o trisomía 21, es la anomalía congénita autosómica más frecuente cuya prevalencia mundial es de 10/10.000, en Chile de 2,5/1.000 nacidos vivos. Por trastornos de crecimiento, desarrollo e hipotonía muscular, las personas con SD presentan boca abierta con gran salivación, labio inferior evertido, elevación del labio superior en inactividad y descenso del ángulo de la boca. Objetivo: Evaluar la literatura sobre el tratamiento temprano de alteraciones orofaciales en niños con SD para prevenirlas o minimizarlas. Método: Búsqueda en base de datos PubMed y Scielo, sin discriminar año de publicación, idioma: inglés-español, seleccionando 26 artículos. Resultados: Existen cambios positivos en la función motora orofacial, observando mayores cambios en los casos más severos. Conclusiones: Un niño con SD se beneficia del tratamiento temprano, pero faltan estudios comparables en cuanto a duración, edad y tipo de terapia.
Referencias
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