Palabras clave
Streptococcus mutans, ventana de infectividad, flora bucal infantil, microbiología, recién nacido.
Cómo citar
Determinación de la adquisición del Streptococcus grupo mutans en un grupo de niños uruguayos de hasta 36 meses de edad.: Estudio piloto. (2020). Odontoestomatología, 22(35), 62-71. https://doi.org/10.22592/ode2020n35a8
Resumen
Introducción: La boca del recién nacido se contamina inmediatamente con microorganismos
maternos. Caufield determinó la colonización con SGM para niños americanos a los 26
meses de edad. Estudios latinoamericanos la ubican entre los 14,9-18 meses.
Objetivos: Identificar el momento de adquisición y colonización del SGM en una población
de niños uruguayos y relacionarlo con factores del niño y maternos. Establecer el tiempo
necesario para la recolección de la muestra y estudio de su pérdida.
Método: Estudio observacional, longitudinal prospectivo, de 83 pares madre-hijo de un policlínico
de Montevideo. De 83 pares examinados, 20 completaron el estudio. Se incluyeron
niños de 0-9 meses, con/sin dientes y primera toma salival negativa para SGM.
Resultados: Edad promedio de adquisición del SGM 16,4 meses (±4,13) y colonización
18,6 meses (±3,80) de edad. La pérdida de la muestra fue 71,42%.
Conclusiones: La colonización resultó similar a la encontrada por Florio (Brasil), observándose
diferencias significativas con Caufield (EEUU).
Referencias
1. Li Y. Caufield PW. The fidelity of initial acquisition
of mutans streptococci by infants from
their mothers. J Dent Res. 1995;74 (2): 681–5.
2. Phantumvanit P, Makino Y, Ogawa H, Rugg-
Gunn A, Moynihan P, Petersen PE, Evans W,
Feldens C, Lo E, Khoshnevisan MH, Baez
R, Varenne B, Vichayanrat T, Songpaisan Y,
Woodward M, Nakornchai S, Ungchusak C.
WHO Global Consultation on Public Health
Intervention against Early Childhood Caries.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2018;46
(3): 280–287.
3. Fujiwara T, Sasada E, Mima N, Ooshima T. Caries
prevalence and salivary mutans streptococci
in o-2 year-old children of Japan. Community
Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1991;19 (3): 151-4.
4. Wan AK, Seow WK, Purdie DM, Bird PS, Walsh
LJ. A longitudinal study of Streptococcus
mutans colonization in infants after tooth eruption.
J Dent Res. 2003;82 (7): 504-8.
5. Zhao W, Li W, Lin J, Chen Z, Yu D. Effect of
sucrose concentration on surose-dependent adhesión
and glucosil transferase expression of S.
mutans in children with severe early-chilhood
caries (S-ECC). Nutient. 2014;6 (9): 3572–86.
6. Chaffee BW, Feldens CA, Rodrigues PH, Vítolo
MR. Feeding practices in infancy associated
with caries incidence in early childhood. Community
Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2015;43 (4):
338–48.
7. Abdelaziz W, El Tantawi M, Dowidar K. Association
of Healthy Eating, Juice Consumption,
and Bacterial Counts with Early Childhood Caries.
Pediatr Dent. 2015;37 (5):462–7.
8. Lin C TM, Minquan D, Ying Y, Qingan X,
Mingwen F, Caries status and quantification
of four bacteria in saliva of Chinese preschool
children: A cross-sectional study. J Dent Sci.
2014;9 (3): 283-8.
9. Kawaguchi M, Hoshino T, Ooshima T, Fujiwara
T. Establishment of Streptococcus mutans in
infants induces decrease in the proportion of salivary
alpha-haemolytic bacteria. Int J. Paediatr
Dent. 2012;22 (2): 139–45.
10. Law V, WK S, Townsend G. Factors influencing
oral colonization of mutans streptococci in young
children. . Aust Dent J. 2007;52 (2): 93–100.
11. Pattanaporn K, Saraithong P, Khongkhunthian
S, Aleksejuniene J, Laohapensang P, Chhun N.
Mode of delivery and early childhood caries in
three- to five-year-old Thai children. mutans
streptococci colonization. Mode of delivery,
mutans streptococci colonization, and early
childhood caries in three- to five-year-old Thai
children. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol.
2013;41 (3): 212-23.
12. Saraithong P, Pattanaporn K, Chen Z, Khongkhunthian
S, Laohapensang P, Chhun N.
Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus
colonization and caries experience in 3- and
5-year-old Thai children. Clin Oral Investig.
2015;19 (8):1955-64.
13. Neves AB, Lobo LA, Pinto KC, Pires ES, Requejo
M, Maia LC, Antonio AG. Comparison
between Clinical Aspects and Salivary Microbial
Profile of Children with and without Early Childhood Caries: A Preliminary Study. J Clin
Pediatr Dent. 2015;39 (3): 209-14.
14. Yang Y, Li Y, Lin Y, Du M, Zhang P, Fan M.
Comparison of immunological and microbiological
characteristics in children and the elderly
with or without dental caries. Eur J Oral Sci.
2015;123 (2): 80–7.
15. Ma C, Chen F, Zhang Y, Sun X, Tong P, Si Y.
Comparison of oral microbial profiles between
children with severe early childhood caries and
caries-free children using the human oral microbe
identification microarray. PLoS One.
2015;10 (3).
16. Plonka KA, Pukallus ML, Barnett AG, Walsh
LJ, Holcombe TF. A longitudinal study comparing
mutans streptococci and lactobacilli
colonisation in dentate children aged 6 to 24
months. Caries Res. 2012;46 (4): 385-93.
17. Wan AK, Seow WK, Purdie DM, Bird PS, Walsh
LJ, Tudehope DI. Oral colonization of Streptococcus
mutans in six-month-old predentate
infants. J Dent Res. 2001;80 (12): 2060-5.
18. Caufield PW, Cutter GR. Initial acquisition of
mutans streptococci by infants: evidence for
a discrete window of infectivity. J Dent Res.
1993; 72 (1):37–45.
19. KJ H. Oral health risk assessment timing and
establishment of the dental home. Pediatrics
[Internet]. 2003;111(5 Pt 1):1113–6. Available
from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/
12728101
20. Kohler B, Andreen I, Jonsson B. The earlier the
colonization by mutans streptococci, the higher
the caries prevalence at 4 years of age. Oral Microbiol
Immunol. 1988;3 (1): 14-7.
21. Alaluusua S. Streptococcus mutans establishment
and dental caries experience in children
from 2 to 4 years old. Scand J Dent Res.
1983;91 (6): 453-7.
22. Colombo NH, Pereira JA, da Silva ME, Ribas
LF, Parisotto TM, Mattos-Graner Rde O,
Smith DJ, Duque C. Relationship between the
IgA antibody response against Streptococcus
mutans GbpB and severity of dental caries in
childhood. Arch Oral Biol. 2016;67:22–7.
23. Weber-Gasparoni K, Goebel BM, Drake DR,
Kramer KW, Warren JJ, Reeve J, Dawson DV.
Factors associated with mutans streptococci
among young WIC-enrolled children. J Public
Heal Dent. 2012;72 (4): 269-78.
24. HR Priyadarshini, Hiremath SS,Bennete Fernandes.
Association between maternal - child
levels of salivary Mutans Streptococci and early
childhood caries. Dent Res J. 2013;10 (6):
728–31.
25. BW Chaffee, Gansky SA,Weintraub JA,
Featherstone JBD, Ramos-Gomez FJ. Maternal
oral bacterial levels predict early childhood
caries development. J Dent Res. 2014;93 (3):
238-44.
26. Florio FM, Klein M,Pereira AC. Time of initial
acquisition of mutans streptococci by human
infants. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2004; 28 (4):
303–8.
27. Latifi-Xhemajli BV, Begzati J, Bytyci A, Kutllovci
A, Rexhepi T. Association between salivary
level of infection with Streptococcus mutans/
Lactobacilli and caries-risk factors in mothers.
Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2016;17 (1): 70–40.
28. Berkowitz RJ, Jones P. Mouth-to-mouth transmission
of the bacterium Streptococcus mutans
between mother and child. Arch Oral Biol.
1985;30 (4): 377–9.
29. Berkowitz RJ. Acquisition and transmission
of mutans streptococci. J Calif Dent Assoc.
2003;31 (2): 135–8.
30. Paglia LS, Torchia S, De Cosmi V, Moretti V,
Marzo M, Giuca G. Familial and dietary risk
factors in Early Childhood Caries. Eur J Paediatr
Dent. 2016;17 (2): 93–9.
31. Lin C,Tiantian M, Minquan D, Ying Y, Qingan
X, Mingwen F. Caries status and quantification
of four bacteria in saliva of Chinese preschool
children: A cross-sectional study . J Dent Sci.
2014;9 (3): 283-8.
32. Edelstein BL, Ureles SD, Smaldone A. Very
High Salivary Streptococcus Mutans Predicts
Caries Progression in Young Children. Pediatr
Dent. 2016;38 (4):325–30.
33. Ingemansson Hultquist A, Lingström P, Bågesund
M. Risk factors for early colonization of
mutans streptococci - a multiple logistic regression
analysis in Swedish 1-year-olds. . BMC
Oral Heal. 2014;14: 147.
of mutans streptococci by infants from
their mothers. J Dent Res. 1995;74 (2): 681–5.
2. Phantumvanit P, Makino Y, Ogawa H, Rugg-
Gunn A, Moynihan P, Petersen PE, Evans W,
Feldens C, Lo E, Khoshnevisan MH, Baez
R, Varenne B, Vichayanrat T, Songpaisan Y,
Woodward M, Nakornchai S, Ungchusak C.
WHO Global Consultation on Public Health
Intervention against Early Childhood Caries.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2018;46
(3): 280–287.
3. Fujiwara T, Sasada E, Mima N, Ooshima T. Caries
prevalence and salivary mutans streptococci
in o-2 year-old children of Japan. Community
Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1991;19 (3): 151-4.
4. Wan AK, Seow WK, Purdie DM, Bird PS, Walsh
LJ. A longitudinal study of Streptococcus
mutans colonization in infants after tooth eruption.
J Dent Res. 2003;82 (7): 504-8.
5. Zhao W, Li W, Lin J, Chen Z, Yu D. Effect of
sucrose concentration on surose-dependent adhesión
and glucosil transferase expression of S.
mutans in children with severe early-chilhood
caries (S-ECC). Nutient. 2014;6 (9): 3572–86.
6. Chaffee BW, Feldens CA, Rodrigues PH, Vítolo
MR. Feeding practices in infancy associated
with caries incidence in early childhood. Community
Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2015;43 (4):
338–48.
7. Abdelaziz W, El Tantawi M, Dowidar K. Association
of Healthy Eating, Juice Consumption,
and Bacterial Counts with Early Childhood Caries.
Pediatr Dent. 2015;37 (5):462–7.
8. Lin C TM, Minquan D, Ying Y, Qingan X,
Mingwen F, Caries status and quantification
of four bacteria in saliva of Chinese preschool
children: A cross-sectional study. J Dent Sci.
2014;9 (3): 283-8.
9. Kawaguchi M, Hoshino T, Ooshima T, Fujiwara
T. Establishment of Streptococcus mutans in
infants induces decrease in the proportion of salivary
alpha-haemolytic bacteria. Int J. Paediatr
Dent. 2012;22 (2): 139–45.
10. Law V, WK S, Townsend G. Factors influencing
oral colonization of mutans streptococci in young
children. . Aust Dent J. 2007;52 (2): 93–100.
11. Pattanaporn K, Saraithong P, Khongkhunthian
S, Aleksejuniene J, Laohapensang P, Chhun N.
Mode of delivery and early childhood caries in
three- to five-year-old Thai children. mutans
streptococci colonization. Mode of delivery,
mutans streptococci colonization, and early
childhood caries in three- to five-year-old Thai
children. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol.
2013;41 (3): 212-23.
12. Saraithong P, Pattanaporn K, Chen Z, Khongkhunthian
S, Laohapensang P, Chhun N.
Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus
colonization and caries experience in 3- and
5-year-old Thai children. Clin Oral Investig.
2015;19 (8):1955-64.
13. Neves AB, Lobo LA, Pinto KC, Pires ES, Requejo
M, Maia LC, Antonio AG. Comparison
between Clinical Aspects and Salivary Microbial
Profile of Children with and without Early Childhood Caries: A Preliminary Study. J Clin
Pediatr Dent. 2015;39 (3): 209-14.
14. Yang Y, Li Y, Lin Y, Du M, Zhang P, Fan M.
Comparison of immunological and microbiological
characteristics in children and the elderly
with or without dental caries. Eur J Oral Sci.
2015;123 (2): 80–7.
15. Ma C, Chen F, Zhang Y, Sun X, Tong P, Si Y.
Comparison of oral microbial profiles between
children with severe early childhood caries and
caries-free children using the human oral microbe
identification microarray. PLoS One.
2015;10 (3).
16. Plonka KA, Pukallus ML, Barnett AG, Walsh
LJ, Holcombe TF. A longitudinal study comparing
mutans streptococci and lactobacilli
colonisation in dentate children aged 6 to 24
months. Caries Res. 2012;46 (4): 385-93.
17. Wan AK, Seow WK, Purdie DM, Bird PS, Walsh
LJ, Tudehope DI. Oral colonization of Streptococcus
mutans in six-month-old predentate
infants. J Dent Res. 2001;80 (12): 2060-5.
18. Caufield PW, Cutter GR. Initial acquisition of
mutans streptococci by infants: evidence for
a discrete window of infectivity. J Dent Res.
1993; 72 (1):37–45.
19. KJ H. Oral health risk assessment timing and
establishment of the dental home. Pediatrics
[Internet]. 2003;111(5 Pt 1):1113–6. Available
from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/
12728101
20. Kohler B, Andreen I, Jonsson B. The earlier the
colonization by mutans streptococci, the higher
the caries prevalence at 4 years of age. Oral Microbiol
Immunol. 1988;3 (1): 14-7.
21. Alaluusua S. Streptococcus mutans establishment
and dental caries experience in children
from 2 to 4 years old. Scand J Dent Res.
1983;91 (6): 453-7.
22. Colombo NH, Pereira JA, da Silva ME, Ribas
LF, Parisotto TM, Mattos-Graner Rde O,
Smith DJ, Duque C. Relationship between the
IgA antibody response against Streptococcus
mutans GbpB and severity of dental caries in
childhood. Arch Oral Biol. 2016;67:22–7.
23. Weber-Gasparoni K, Goebel BM, Drake DR,
Kramer KW, Warren JJ, Reeve J, Dawson DV.
Factors associated with mutans streptococci
among young WIC-enrolled children. J Public
Heal Dent. 2012;72 (4): 269-78.
24. HR Priyadarshini, Hiremath SS,Bennete Fernandes.
Association between maternal - child
levels of salivary Mutans Streptococci and early
childhood caries. Dent Res J. 2013;10 (6):
728–31.
25. BW Chaffee, Gansky SA,Weintraub JA,
Featherstone JBD, Ramos-Gomez FJ. Maternal
oral bacterial levels predict early childhood
caries development. J Dent Res. 2014;93 (3):
238-44.
26. Florio FM, Klein M,Pereira AC. Time of initial
acquisition of mutans streptococci by human
infants. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2004; 28 (4):
303–8.
27. Latifi-Xhemajli BV, Begzati J, Bytyci A, Kutllovci
A, Rexhepi T. Association between salivary
level of infection with Streptococcus mutans/
Lactobacilli and caries-risk factors in mothers.
Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2016;17 (1): 70–40.
28. Berkowitz RJ, Jones P. Mouth-to-mouth transmission
of the bacterium Streptococcus mutans
between mother and child. Arch Oral Biol.
1985;30 (4): 377–9.
29. Berkowitz RJ. Acquisition and transmission
of mutans streptococci. J Calif Dent Assoc.
2003;31 (2): 135–8.
30. Paglia LS, Torchia S, De Cosmi V, Moretti V,
Marzo M, Giuca G. Familial and dietary risk
factors in Early Childhood Caries. Eur J Paediatr
Dent. 2016;17 (2): 93–9.
31. Lin C,Tiantian M, Minquan D, Ying Y, Qingan
X, Mingwen F. Caries status and quantification
of four bacteria in saliva of Chinese preschool
children: A cross-sectional study . J Dent Sci.
2014;9 (3): 283-8.
32. Edelstein BL, Ureles SD, Smaldone A. Very
High Salivary Streptococcus Mutans Predicts
Caries Progression in Young Children. Pediatr
Dent. 2016;38 (4):325–30.
33. Ingemansson Hultquist A, Lingström P, Bågesund
M. Risk factors for early colonization of
mutans streptococci - a multiple logistic regression
analysis in Swedish 1-year-olds. . BMC
Oral Heal. 2014;14: 147.