Keywords
bisphosphonates, osteonecrosis, prevention. Palabras claves: bifosfonatos, osteonecrosis, p
Abstract
Having seen an increase on the use of bisphosphonates, being one of the top 19 prescribed medications Worldwide, used for the treatment of several bone pathologies, the occurrence of a new injury called Bisphosphonate Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (BRONJ) was reported in the year 2003. (1) Te main goal of this work is to inform colleagues on the use of these drugs, their actions and effects, to increase the preventive measures and the potential treatments we have today. Te dental profession certainly is in an advantageous position to prevent and be the precursor diagnosing this alteration. We must to give information on this subject and being familiar with the treatment recommendations are matters of our interest. We have carried out a bibliographical revision, so as to search for the most acceptable protocols applicable in the practice, taking the outstanding data on the clinical history as a starting point, the therapeutic indications of this drugs, allowing us to evaluate the potential damage we could cause.
References
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3. Marx R.E. Pamidronate (Aredia) and zoledronate (Zometa) induced a vascular necrosis of the jaws: a growing epidemic. J Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 2003. 61(10):
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15. Johnell O, Kanis J. Epidemiology of osteoporotic fractures Osteoporosis Int. 2005, 16 Suppl 2 (S3-S7).
16. Lewiecki E.M, Watts N, Mc Klung M. et al. Ofcial positions of the internacional society for clinical densitometry. JClin Endocrinol Metab., 2004; 89: 3651-3655.
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18. WHO (World Health Organization) Technical report Series, Prevention and management of osteoporosis, Geneva 2003: 1-161.
19. Kramer J, Fantasia J. Bisphosphonates and Osteonecrosis of the Jaws: A review of Clinical Features and the Drug Effect on Oral Tissue. Clinic Rev Bone Miner
Metab. 2011; 9:38-46.
20. Escobar López EA, López López J, Marques Soares MS, et al. Osteonecrosis de los maxilares asociada a bifosfonatos: revisión sistemática. Av. Odontoestomatol.
2007; 23 (2): 91-101.
21. Plotkin L, Agurre J, Kousteni S, et al. Bisphosphonates and estrogens inhibit osteocyte apoptosis via distinct molecular mechanisms downstream of extracellular signal regulated kinase activation. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:7317-25.
22. Gay Escoda C, Herrero Fonollosa M,Berini Aytés L, Osteoquimionecrosis de los maxilares asociada a la administración de bifosfonatos por vía endovenosa.
Avances en Odontoestomatología, 2010; 26(6):301-312.
23. Sosa H.M, Bagán S.J, Junquera G.L, Osteonecrosis de los maxilares: Documento de consenso. Rev Osteoporos Metab Miner 2009 1; 1: 41-51.
24. Landesberg R, Cozin M, Cremers S, et al. La inhibición de la cicatrización de la mucosa oral, la herida de células con bifosfonatos. J Surg Oral y Maxilofac. 2008;
66(5):839-47.
25. Burr D, Cauley J, et al. BiphosphonateAssociated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: Report of a Task Force of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Sundeep Khosla, J Bone Miner Res Oct 2007; 22 (10): 1479-91.
26. Ruggiero S.L, Dodson T. B, Leon A. Assael,. Suppl 1 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons Position Paper on Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws, Update. J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2009; 67:2-12.
27. Jaimes M, Oliveira G.R, Olate S. et al. Bifosfonatos asociados a osteonecrosis de los maxilares. Revisión de la literatura de Av. Odontoestmatol. 2008; 24 (3):
219-226.
28. Mavrokokki T., Cheng A., Stein B., et al. Nature and Frequency of Bisphosphonate-associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaws in Australia. J. Oral Maxillofacial Surg 2007 Mar; 65 (3): 415-423.
29. Assael L.A. Oral Bisphosphonates as a cause of Bisphosphonates- Related Osteonecrosis of the jaws: clinical fndings, assessment of risks, and preventive strategies. American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons J. Oral Maxillofac58 Giribone Jorge, Catagnetto Pedro Surg 2009, 67:35-43, suppl 1.
30. Junquera L.M, Martín R. Diagnóstico, prevención y tratamiento de la osteonecrosis de los maxilares por bisfosfonatos. Recomendaciones de la sociedad española de cirugía oral y maxilofacial (SECOM). Cient dent 2008; 5;(3):229-237.
31. Guttenberg S.A. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 2008; 106 (6): 769-772.
32. Bagán J.V, Diz Dios P, Gallego L, et al. Recomendaciones para la prevención de la osteonecrosis de los maxilares (ONM) en pacientes con cáncer tratados con bisfosfonatos intravenosos, Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2008 May: 13(3); 161-167
33. Grötz K.A, Schmidt B.L, Walter C, et al. Bei welchen Bisphosphonat-Patienten darf ich eigentlich implantieren? Ein systematisches Review Deutscher ÄrzteVerlag , zzi, Z Zahnärztl Impl, 2010; 26 (2): 153-161.
34. Pastor D, Garatea J, Martino R, et al. Osteonecrosis maxilar y bifosfonatos. Presentación de tres casos. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2006;11:76-9.
35. Bagán J, Blade J, Cozar JM,et al. Recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in cancer patients treated with bisphosphonates. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2007;12: 336-340.
36. Torre Salaberri I., Expósito Molinero R., Ucar Angulo E., et al. Utilidad del marcador de metabolismo óseo ctx en pacientes con osteoporosis tratados con bisfosfonatos, XXXII Congreso Nacional de la Sociedad Española de Reumatología, 2006, pág. 11.
37. Lee CY. Suzuki JB. CTX biochemical marker of bone metabolism. Is it a reliable predictor of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws after surgery?
Part I: biological concepts with a review of the literature. Implant Dent 2009 Dec: 18(6); 492-500.
38. Lee CY. Suzuki JB, CTX biochemical marker of bone metabolism. Is it a reliable predictor of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws after surgery?
Part II: a prospective clinical study. Implant Dent 2010 Feb: 19(1); 29-38.
39. Marx R.E, Cillo J.E Jr. Ulloa J.J. Oral bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis: risk factors, prediction of risk using serum CTX testing, prevention, and treatment. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2007 Dec: 65(12); 2397-2410.
40. Bornstein M, Cionca N, Mombelli A. Systemic conditions and treatments as risks for implant therapy, Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2009; 24(1): 12-27.
41. Albrektsson T, Zarb G, Worthington P. et al. Guidelines of the academy of osseointegration for the provision of dental implants and associated patient care,
Int J, Oral Maxillofac Implants 2010; 25(3):620-627.
42. Ponte Fernandez N, Estefanía Fresco R, Aguirre Urizar J.M. Bifosfonatos y patología oral I. Aspectos generales y preventivos. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal
2006;11:E 396-400.
43. Arce K, Assael L, Weissman J.L, et al: Imaging fndings in bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 67:75, 2009 (suppl 1).
2. Prado Bernal N, Carrasco E, Prado Bernal J. Manejo estomatológico del paciente en terapia con bifosfonatos. Rev ADM 2011; 68(1): 8-16.
3. Marx R.E. Pamidronate (Aredia) and zoledronate (Zometa) induced a vascular necrosis of the jaws: a growing epidemic. J Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 2003. 61(10):
1115-1117.
4. Muñoz Torres M, Alonso G., Mezquita Raya P., Prevención y tratamiento de la osteoporosis. Endocrinología y nutrición, 2003; 50 (1): 1-7.
5. Balson M. Osteonecrosis de los maxilares asociada a bifosfonatos . Endodoncia julset 2007; 25(3): 190-195.
6. Merigo E, Manfredi M, Meleti M, et al. Bone necrosis of the jaw associated with bisphosphonate treatment: a report of 77:109-17.
7. Mundy G.R, Chen D, Oyajobi B.O. Bone remodeling. En: Favus MJ editor. Primer on metabolic bone diseases and disorders of mineral metabolism. Washington: American Society for Bone and Mineral Research 2003; 46-57.
8. Manolagas SC. Birth and death of bone cells: Basic regulatory mechanism and implications for the patoghenesis and treatment of oteoporosis. Endocrine Rev
2000; 21: 115-137.
9. Jilka R.L, Biology of the basic multicellular unit and the pathophysiology of osteoporosis. REEMO- 2005; 14: 81-85. 10. Doblaré M, García J.M. On the modelling bone tissue fracture and healing of the bone tissue. Acta Científca Venezolana 2003, 54: 58-75.
11. Misch C. E. Implantología Contemporánea, 3a Edición Barcelona, España: Else-Osteonecrosis de los maxilares inducida por bifosfonatos; lo que el odontólogo debe saber hoy: pautas y protocolos Elsevier, 2009. Cap. 6: 71-90.
12. Gomez Font R., Martinez García M.L., Olmos Martinez J.M. Osteochemonecrosis of the Jaws due to Biphosphonate Treatments. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal, 2008 May; 13(5):318-324.
13. Farmanuario 2011. 21 ed. Montevideo: InforMédica, 2011.
14. Bocanegra Perez, M S. Osteonecrosis de los maxilares asociada a Bifosfonatos. [Tesis Doctoral] Las Palmas: Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria Departamento de Ciencias Médicas y Quirúrgicas, Junio 2010; 1-196.
15. Johnell O, Kanis J. Epidemiology of osteoporotic fractures Osteoporosis Int. 2005, 16 Suppl 2 (S3-S7).
16. Lewiecki E.M, Watts N, Mc Klung M. et al. Ofcial positions of the internacional society for clinical densitometry. JClin Endocrinol Metab., 2004; 89: 3651-3655.
17. Bouxsein ML Bone Quality : where do we go from here?, Osteoporos Int., 2003; 14 Suppl 5: S118-S127.
18. WHO (World Health Organization) Technical report Series, Prevention and management of osteoporosis, Geneva 2003: 1-161.
19. Kramer J, Fantasia J. Bisphosphonates and Osteonecrosis of the Jaws: A review of Clinical Features and the Drug Effect on Oral Tissue. Clinic Rev Bone Miner
Metab. 2011; 9:38-46.
20. Escobar López EA, López López J, Marques Soares MS, et al. Osteonecrosis de los maxilares asociada a bifosfonatos: revisión sistemática. Av. Odontoestomatol.
2007; 23 (2): 91-101.
21. Plotkin L, Agurre J, Kousteni S, et al. Bisphosphonates and estrogens inhibit osteocyte apoptosis via distinct molecular mechanisms downstream of extracellular signal regulated kinase activation. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:7317-25.
22. Gay Escoda C, Herrero Fonollosa M,Berini Aytés L, Osteoquimionecrosis de los maxilares asociada a la administración de bifosfonatos por vía endovenosa.
Avances en Odontoestomatología, 2010; 26(6):301-312.
23. Sosa H.M, Bagán S.J, Junquera G.L, Osteonecrosis de los maxilares: Documento de consenso. Rev Osteoporos Metab Miner 2009 1; 1: 41-51.
24. Landesberg R, Cozin M, Cremers S, et al. La inhibición de la cicatrización de la mucosa oral, la herida de células con bifosfonatos. J Surg Oral y Maxilofac. 2008;
66(5):839-47.
25. Burr D, Cauley J, et al. BiphosphonateAssociated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: Report of a Task Force of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Sundeep Khosla, J Bone Miner Res Oct 2007; 22 (10): 1479-91.
26. Ruggiero S.L, Dodson T. B, Leon A. Assael,. Suppl 1 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons Position Paper on Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws, Update. J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2009; 67:2-12.
27. Jaimes M, Oliveira G.R, Olate S. et al. Bifosfonatos asociados a osteonecrosis de los maxilares. Revisión de la literatura de Av. Odontoestmatol. 2008; 24 (3):
219-226.
28. Mavrokokki T., Cheng A., Stein B., et al. Nature and Frequency of Bisphosphonate-associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaws in Australia. J. Oral Maxillofacial Surg 2007 Mar; 65 (3): 415-423.
29. Assael L.A. Oral Bisphosphonates as a cause of Bisphosphonates- Related Osteonecrosis of the jaws: clinical fndings, assessment of risks, and preventive strategies. American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons J. Oral Maxillofac58 Giribone Jorge, Catagnetto Pedro Surg 2009, 67:35-43, suppl 1.
30. Junquera L.M, Martín R. Diagnóstico, prevención y tratamiento de la osteonecrosis de los maxilares por bisfosfonatos. Recomendaciones de la sociedad española de cirugía oral y maxilofacial (SECOM). Cient dent 2008; 5;(3):229-237.
31. Guttenberg S.A. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 2008; 106 (6): 769-772.
32. Bagán J.V, Diz Dios P, Gallego L, et al. Recomendaciones para la prevención de la osteonecrosis de los maxilares (ONM) en pacientes con cáncer tratados con bisfosfonatos intravenosos, Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2008 May: 13(3); 161-167
33. Grötz K.A, Schmidt B.L, Walter C, et al. Bei welchen Bisphosphonat-Patienten darf ich eigentlich implantieren? Ein systematisches Review Deutscher ÄrzteVerlag , zzi, Z Zahnärztl Impl, 2010; 26 (2): 153-161.
34. Pastor D, Garatea J, Martino R, et al. Osteonecrosis maxilar y bifosfonatos. Presentación de tres casos. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2006;11:76-9.
35. Bagán J, Blade J, Cozar JM,et al. Recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in cancer patients treated with bisphosphonates. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2007;12: 336-340.
36. Torre Salaberri I., Expósito Molinero R., Ucar Angulo E., et al. Utilidad del marcador de metabolismo óseo ctx en pacientes con osteoporosis tratados con bisfosfonatos, XXXII Congreso Nacional de la Sociedad Española de Reumatología, 2006, pág. 11.
37. Lee CY. Suzuki JB. CTX biochemical marker of bone metabolism. Is it a reliable predictor of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws after surgery?
Part I: biological concepts with a review of the literature. Implant Dent 2009 Dec: 18(6); 492-500.
38. Lee CY. Suzuki JB, CTX biochemical marker of bone metabolism. Is it a reliable predictor of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws after surgery?
Part II: a prospective clinical study. Implant Dent 2010 Feb: 19(1); 29-38.
39. Marx R.E, Cillo J.E Jr. Ulloa J.J. Oral bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis: risk factors, prediction of risk using serum CTX testing, prevention, and treatment. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2007 Dec: 65(12); 2397-2410.
40. Bornstein M, Cionca N, Mombelli A. Systemic conditions and treatments as risks for implant therapy, Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2009; 24(1): 12-27.
41. Albrektsson T, Zarb G, Worthington P. et al. Guidelines of the academy of osseointegration for the provision of dental implants and associated patient care,
Int J, Oral Maxillofac Implants 2010; 25(3):620-627.
42. Ponte Fernandez N, Estefanía Fresco R, Aguirre Urizar J.M. Bifosfonatos y patología oral I. Aspectos generales y preventivos. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal
2006;11:E 396-400.
43. Arce K, Assael L, Weissman J.L, et al: Imaging fndings in bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 67:75, 2009 (suppl 1).