Abstract
Introduction: The prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) tends to be higher in women. The severity of their symptoms is related to the age of the patients, in the case of women with a peak between 20-40 years.
Objective: The objective of this study is to carry out a bibliographic review of the literature about the role of estrogens in joint musculoskeletal disorders.
Method: The online search engine PubMed was used with the terms Mesh "Temporomandibular Joint Disorders" and "Estrogens" together with the Bollean term "AND"
Results: A positive relationship between the levels of estrogen and the presence of muscular and articular disorders is observed, being in women more prevalent.
Conclusions: The role of estrogen in muscle and joint disorders is based mostly on correlations between one and the other, but the mechanism by which they would be associated is not entirely clear.
References
2. Schiffman E, Ohrbach R, Truelove E, Look J, Anderson G, Goulet JP, List T, Svensson P, Gonzalez Y, Lobbezoo F, Michelotti A, Brooks SL, Ceusters W, Drangsholt M, Ettlin D, Gaul C, Goldberg LJ, Haythornthwaite JA, Hollender L, Jensen R, John MT, De Laat A, de Leeuw R, Maixner W, van der Meulen M, Murray GM, Nixdorf DR, Palla S, Petersson A, Pionchon P, Smith B, Visscher CM, Zakrzewska J, Dworkin SF; International RDC/TMD Consortium Network, International association for Dental Research; Orofacial Pain Special Interest Group, International Association for the Study of Pain. Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) for Clinical and Research Applications: Recommendations of the International RDC/TMD Consortium Network and Orofacial Pain Special Interest Group. J Oral facial pain headache. 2014; 28 (1): 6-27.
3. Vilanova LS, Gonçalves TM, Meirelles L, Garcia RC. Hormonal fluctuations intensify temporomandibular disorder pain without impairing masticatory function. Int J Prosthodont. 2015;28 (1): 72-4
4. Galal N, El Beialy W, Deyama Y, Yoshimura Y, Yoshikawa T, Suzuki K, Totsuka Y. Effect of estrogen on bone resorption and inflammation in the temporomandibular joint cellular elements. Int J Mol Med. 2008;21:785–790
5. LeResche L, Mancl L, Sherman JJ, et al. Changes in temporomandibular pain and other symptoms across the menstrual cycle. Pain. 2003; 106:253–261
6. Martin VT. Ovarian hormones and pain response: a review of clinical and basic science studies. Gend Med 2009; 6(Suppl 2):168-92
7. Craft RM, Mogil JS, Aloisi AM. Sex differences in pain and analgesia: the role of gonadal hormones. Eur. J. Pain. 2004; 8: 397–411.
8. Berger M, Szalewski L, Bakalczuk M, Bakalczuk G, Bakalczuk S and Szkutnik J: Association between estrogen levels and temporomandibular disorders: a systematic literature review. Przegl Menopauz.2015; 14:260–270.
9. Bereiter DA, Okamoto K. Neurobiology of estrogen status in deep craniofacial pain. Int Rev Neurobiol. 2011; 97: 251-84.
10. Abubaker AO, Raslan WF, Sotereanos GC. Estrogen and proges- terone receptors in temporomandibular joint discs of symptomatic and asymptomatic persons: a preliminary study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1993; 51: 1096-100.
11. Gunson MJ, Arnett GW, Formby B. Oral contraceptive pill use and abnormal menstrual cycles in women with severe condylar resorption: A case for low serum 17 -estradiol as a major factor in progressive condylar resorption. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009; 136:772- 779.
12. Yu S1, Xing X, Liang S, Ma Z, Li F, Wang M, Li Y. Locally synthesized estrogen plays an important role in the development of TMD. Med Hypotheses. 2009;72(6): 720-722
13. Campbell JH, Courey MS, Bourne P, Odziemiec C. Estrogen receptor analysis of human temporomandibular disc. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1993;51(10):1101–5.
14. Henry CH, Tull GT, Whittum-Hudson JA, Wolford LM. Analysis of estrogen binding sites of the posterior ligament of the human TMJ. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008; 105(6):698-701.
15. Craft RM. Modulation of pain by estrogens. Pain. 2007;132(Suppl 1):S3–12
16. Dworkin SF, Huggins KH, LeResche L, Von Korff M, Howard J, Truelove E, Sommers E. Epidemiology of signs and symptoms in temporomandibular disorders: clinical signs in cases and controls. J Am Dent Assoc. 1990; 120 (3):273–81
17. LeResche L, Sherman JJ, Huggins K, Saunders K, Mancl LA, Lentz G, Dworkin SF . Musculoskeletal orofacial pain and other signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders during pregnancy: a prospective study. J Orofac Pain. 2005; 19 (3):193-201.
18. Relationship Between Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorders and Estrogen Levels in Women With Different Menstrual Status. IvkovićN, Racic M, Lecic R, Bozovic D, Kulic M. J Oral Facial Pain Headache. 2018 21;32 (2): 151–158.
19. Hatch JP, Rugh JD, Sakai S, et al. Is use of exogenous estrogen associated with temporomandibular signs and symptoms? J Am Dent Assoc. 2001;132:319–326
20. Macfarlane T. V., Blinkhorn A. S., Davies R. M., Kincey J., Worthington H. V. Association between female hormonal factors and oro-facial pain: study in the community. Pain. 2002;97(1-2):5–10.
21. Dao TT, Knight K, Ton-That V. Modulation of myofascial pain by the reproductive hormones: A preliminary report. J Prosthet Dent 1998;79:663-70.
22. LeResche L, Saunders K, Von Korff MR, Barlow W, Dworkin SF. Use of exogenous hormones and risk of temporomandibular disorder pain. Pain. 1997;69(1-2):153-60.
23. Ribeiro-Dasilva MC, Peres Line SR, Leme Godoy dos Santos MC, Arthuri MT, Hou W, Fillingim RB, Rizzatti Barbosa CM. Estrogen receptor-alpha polymorphisms and predisposition to TMJ disorder. J Pain. 2009; 10 (5): 527-33.
24. Arnett, G. Gunson, M. Risk Factors in the Initiation of Condylar Resorption. Semin Orthod. 2013; 2: 81–8.
25. Gunson MJ, Arnett GW, Milam SB: Pathophysiology and pharmacologic control of osseous mandibular condylar resorption. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012; 70:1918-1934
26. Gunson MJ, Arnett GW. Condylar resorption, matrix metalloproteinases, and tetracyclines. RWISOJ. 2010;2:37–44.
27. Kapila S, Wang W, Uston K. Matrix metalloproteinase induction by relaxin causes cartilage matrix degradation in target synovial joints. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009;1160:322-28
28. Hajati AK, Alstergren P, Nasstrom K, Bratt J, Kopp S. Endogenous glutamate in associ-ation with inflammatory and hormonal factors modulates bone tissue resorption of thetemporomandibular joint in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. J Oral MaxillofacSurg. 2009; 67:1895–903.
29. Puri J, Hutchins B, Bellinger LL, Kramer PR. Estrogen and inflammation modulate estrogen receptor alpha expression in specific tissues of the temporomandibular joint. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2009; 7: 155.
30. Association Between Polymorphisms in the Genes of Estrogen Receptors and the Presence of Temporomandibular Disorders and ChronicArthralgia. Quinelato V, Bonato LL, Vieira AR, Granjeiro JM, Tesch R, CasadoPL. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2018; 76 (2): 314.e1-314.e9.
31. Kim BS, Kim YK, Yun PY, Lee E, Bae J. The effects of estrogen receptor a polymorphism on the prevalence of symptomatic temporomandibular disorders. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010; 68: 2975–9
32. Melis M, Di Giosia M. The role of genetic factors in the etiology of temporomandibular disorders: a review. Cranio. 2016; 34 (1): 43–51.