Resumen
Los avances en el diseño digital y manufactura aditiva, o impresión tridimensional, han permitido el desarrollo de diversos materiales dentales con múltiples aplicaciones clínicas. Dentro de estos muchos usos, la confección de restauraciones provisionales realizadas mediante impresión tridimensional ha cobrado gran popularidad en los últimos años. Por lo tanto, es deseable que los materiales utilizados en la fabricación de dichas restauraciones presenten adecuadas propiedades físicas y mecánicas, que les permitan cumplir eficazmente con la función para la cual fueron diseñados. El objetivo de este trabajo es, realizar un análisis de la literatura en cuanto a las propiedades físicas (estabilidad de color y sorción acuosa) y mecánicas (resistencia compresiva, resistencia flexural, resistencia al desgaste, dureza), de los materiales utilizados en la confección de restauraciones provisorias obtenidas mediante impresión tridimensional y compararlas con aquellos materiales para provisorios obtenidos mediante el método de diseño y manufactura asistido por computador, cad-cam, y el método tradicional. Para tal fin se realizó una búsqueda en diferentes bases de datos como, la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud Odontología, Pubmed y Google scholar, con un rango de fechas de publicación desde el año 2019 al 2024. A su vez se incorporaron también aquellas publicaciones que surgieron como referencias de los diferentes artículos obtenidos. Se estableció un criterio de elegibilidad que permitió guiar la selección. En este trabajo se pudo establecer que los materiales para impresión tridimensional al ser comparados con materiales para provisorios obtenidos mediante técnica cad-cam y método tradicional presentan limitaciones en sus propiedades físicas y mecánicas. De todas formas, la utilización en el corto plazo de restauraciones provisorias elaboradas mediante tecnología de impresión tridimensional puede ser considerado como una alternativa al uso de provisorios confeccionados mediante cad-cam y el método tradicional.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Gaston Olascuaga