Lesiones no cariosas del cuello dentario:: patología moderna, antigua controversia
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Palavras-chave

LCNC, Erosión, Abrasión, Abfracción

Como Citar

Lesiones no cariosas del cuello dentario:: patología moderna, antigua controversia. (2019). Odontoestomatología, 11(12), 12-27. https://odon.edu.uy/ojs/index.php/ode/article/view/209

Resumo

Las lesiones no cariosas del cuello dentario (LCNC) son consideradas defectos frecuentes caracterizados por una marcha insidiosa y una etiología controversial. En un principio su origen fue atribuido a lesiones de erosión ácida, endógena o exógena, y a lesiones mecánico-abrasivas por cepillado exagerado o abusivo. 
En la década de los ochenta con el objetivo de dar solución a las discrepancias  respecto a su  origen, surge la Teoría Flexural. Esta propone como etiología primaria de las lesiones de cuña a las fuerzas oclusales parafuncionales. Las mismas  concentrando estrés tensional en el cuello del diente provocarían  la microfractura cristalina del tejido duro en esa zona crítica: lesiones por abfracción. 
Experiencias posteriores han hecho surgir nuevos postulados y han aparecido corrientes que reubican a las fuerzas oclusales en un papel menos relevante, quizás como cofactor de las otras dos causales. Estas a su vez actuarían asociadas sinérgicamente en el amplio contexto de la pérdida de tejido dentario por causas no cariosas o traumáticas,  estudiadas como pérdida de superficie dentaria (PSD) 
Por otro lado, evidencias antropológicas señalan que las lesiones típicas de cuello  serían una afección de las  poblaciones modernas y ligadas al estilo de vida occidental. 
Hasta el momento y de acuerdo a lo dicho, la etiología de las LCNC y particularmente de los defectos en cuña todavía está en discusión. 

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