Resumen
Este estudio evaluó los resultados clínicos y radiográficos del tratamiento quirúrgico de defectos intraóseos que utilizaron injertos de tejido conectivo. Se realizó una revisión sistemática exploratoria orientada por las guías PRISMA-ScR, que buscó en bases de datos como PubMed, SCOPUS y SciELO. Se consideró ensayos clínicos, estudios de cohorte y reportes de caso que proporcionaran resultados clínicos y radiográficos como profundidad de sondaje, nivel de inserción clínica, cobertura de recesiones gingivales y características del tejido queratinizado. Se incluyó nueve estudios con seguimientos de 6 hasta 36 meses. Los resultados muestran una reducción promedio de la profundidad de sondaje de 4,73 mm y una ganancia en el nivel de inserción clínica de 4,63 mm. La cobertura de recesiones gingivales asociadas muestra resultados favorables, incluso cobertura total en varios casos, junto con un aumento en la altura apico-coronal y grosor del tejido queratinizado de hasta 3 mm. Radiográficamente, se evidenció un relleno óseo estable en todos los casos, acompañado de mayor radiopacidad y preservación del soporte óseo interproximal. El uso de injerto de tejido conectivo junto con derivados de la matriz de esmalte y/o injertos óseos, mejora los parámetros clínicos y produce un relleno óseo radiográficamente visible, además, proporciona resultados adicional en las características de los tejidos blandos, con la potencialidad de mejorar el pronóstico y la comodidad para los dientes tratados.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Bernardita Cattarinich-Araya, Camila Serrano-Spalinger, Enzo Niccoli-Merello, Jaime Segovia-Chamorro