Resumo
Este estudo avaliou os resultados clínicos e radiográficos do tratamento cirúrgico de defeitos intraósseos e recessões gengivais usando enxertos de tecido conjuntivo. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática exploratória seguindo as diretrizes PRISMA-ScR, pesquisando em bases de dados como PubMed, SCOPUS e SciELO. Foram considerados ensaios clínicos, estudos de coorte e relatos de casos que forneceram resultados clínicos e radiográficos, como profundidade de sondagem, nível de inserção clínica, cobertura de recessões gengivais e características do tecido queratinizado. Foram incluídos nove estudos com acompanhamento de seis a trinta e seis meses. Os resultados mostram uma redução média na profundidade de sondagem de 4,73 mm e um ganho no nível de inserção clínica de 4,63 mm. A cobertura das recessões gengivais associadas apresentou resultados favoráveis, incluindo cobertura total em vários casos, juntamente com um aumento na altura apico-coronal e na espessura do tecido queratinizado de até 3 mm. Radiograficamente, observou-se preenchimento ósseo estável em todos os casos, acompanhado de maior radiopacidade e preservação do suporte ósseo interproximal. O uso de enxertos de tecido conjuntivo juntamente com derivados da matriz do esmalte e/ou enxertos ósseos melhora os parâmetros clínicos e no preenchimento ósseo radiograficamente visível, além de proporcionar melhora adicional nas características do tecido mole, com potencial para melhorar o prognóstico e o conforto dos dentes tratados.
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