Resumo
O presente estudo teve como objetivo construir e validar instrumentalmente monofilamentos descartáveis de baixo custo para avaliar a sensibilidade orofacial. Os monofilamentos foram chamados de monofilamentos de Gamboa e foram criados com monofilamentos de linha de pesca de náilon de diferentes diâmetros (0,16 a 0,8 mm) e comprimentos (10 a 110 mm) colados perpendicularmente às extremidades de palitos de picolé. Os monofilamentos de Semmes-Weinstein foram usados como referência para a força-alvo. A força exercida por ambos os monofilamentos foi medida com uma balança de precisão. O coeficiente de variabilidade avaliou a variabilidade dos dados de força dos monofilamentos de Semmes-Weinstein e Gamboa, e um teste t de duas amostras foi usado para comparar a força exercida pelos monofilamentos de Semmes-Weinstein e Gamboa. As faixas de variabilidade de força dos monofilamentos de Semmes-Weinstein e Gamboa variam de 0,5 a 10,9 % e de 0,33 a 16,97 %, respectivamente. Trinta e oito monofilamentos de Gamboa não apresentaram diferenças em relação aos monofilamentos de Semmes-Weinstein de 0,008 a 100 g. A força exercida pelos monofilamentos de Semmes-Weinstein de 0,02, 0,07, 0,16, 0,4, 0,6, 1, 4, 8, 10, 15 e 100 g pode ser obtida variando-se o diâmetro e o comprimento dos monofilamentos de Gamboa. Concluindo, o estudo desenvolveu e validou monofilamentos descartáveis de baixo custo, demonstrando que o monofilamentos de Gamboa pode reproduzir a força do monofilamentos de Semmes-Weinstein na faixa de 0,008 e 100 g. Esse achado sugere possíveis aplicações no futuro, especialmente no contexto da avaliação das sensações orofaciais.
Referências
Trulsson M, Johansson RS. Orofacial mechanoreceptors in humans: encoding characteristics and responses during natural orofacial behaviors. Behavioural brain research. 2002 Sep;135(1–2):27–33.
Bearelly S, Cheung SW. Sensory Topography of Oral Structures. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017 Jan;143(1):73–80.
Etter NM, Breen SP, Alcala MIM, Ziegler GR, Hayes JE. Assessment of Midline Lingual Point-Pressure Somatosensation Using Von Frey Hair Monofilaments. J Vis Exp. 2020 Feb;(156).
De Sousa MVP, Ferraresi C, de Magalhães AC, Yoshimura EM, Hamblin MR. Building, testing and validating a set of home-made von Frey filaments: a precise, accurate and cost effective alternative for nociception assessment. J Neurosci Methods. 2014 Jul;232:1–5.
Van der Cruyssen F, Van Tieghem L, Croonenborghs TM, Baad-Hansen L, Svensson P, Renton T, et al. Orofacial quantitative sensory testing: Current evidence and future perspectives. Eur J Pain. 2020 Sep;24(8):1425–39.
Lavery LA, Lavery DE, Lavery DC, Lafontaine J, Bharara M, Najafi B. Accuracy and durability of Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments: what is the useful service life? Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2012 Sep;97(3):399–404.
Chikai M, Ozawa E, Takahashi N, Nunokawa K, Ino S. Evaluation of the variation in sensory test results using Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2015 Aug;2015:1259–62.
Eliav E, Gracely RH. Sensory changes in the territory of the lingual and inferior alveolar nerves following lower third molar extraction. Pain [Internet]. 1998;77(2):191–9. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304395998001006
Heft MW, Robinson ME. Age differences in suprathreshold sensory function. Age (Dordr). 2014 Feb;36(1):1–8.
Komiyama O, De Laat A. Tactile and pain thresholds in the intra- and extra-oral regions of symptom-free subjects. Pain. 2005 Jun;115(3):308–15.
Michelotti A, Farella M, Stellato A, Martina R, De Laat A. Tactile and pain thresholds in patients with myofascial pain of the jaw muscles: a case-control study. J Orofac Pain. 2008;22(2):139–45.
Okayasu I, Komiyama O, Ayuse T, De Laat A. Tactile sensory and pain thresholds in the face and tongue of subjects asymptomatic for oro‐facial pain and headache. J Oral Rehabil. 2014 Dec 19;41(12):875–80.
Teranaka S, Shibaji T, Minakuchi S, Uematsu H. Age-related changes in oral mechanosensitivity of symptom-free subjects. J Med Dent Sci. 2008 Mar;55(1):61–9.
Komiyama O, Gracely RH, Kawara M, Laat A De. Intraoral measurement of tactile and filament-prick pain threshold using shortened Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments. Clin J Pain. 2008 Jan;24(1):16–21.
Park MJ, Byun JS, Jung JK, Choi JK. The correlation of gagging threshold with intra-oral tactile and psychometric profiles in healthy subjects: A pilot study. J Oral Rehabil. 2020 May;47(5):591–8.
Miles BL, Van Simaeys K, Whitecotton M, Simons CT. Comparative tactile sensitivity of the fingertip and apical tongue using complex and pure tactile tasks. Physiol Behav. 2018 Oct;194:515–21.
Honda M, Iida T, Kamiyama H, Masuda M, Kawara M, Svensson P, et al. Mechanical sensitivity and psychological factors in patients with burning mouth syndrome. Clin Oral Investig. 2019 Feb;23(2):757–62.
Okayasu I, Oi K, De Laat A. The effect of nonfunctional tooth contact on sensory and pain perception in patients with myofascial pain of the jaw muscles. J Prosthodont Res. 2012 Apr;56(2):87–92.
Appiani M, Rabitti NS, Methven L, Cattaneo C, Laureati M. Assessment of Lingual Tactile Sensitivity in Children and Adults: Methodological Suitability and Challenges. Foods. 2020 Nov;9(11).
Virgin LN. On the mechanics of monofilaments used in touch sensory perception. Med Eng Phys. 2024 Jan;123:104083.
Haloua MH, Sierevelt I, Theuvenet WJ. Semmes-weinstein monofilaments: influence of temperature, humidity, and age. J Hand Surg Am. 2011 Jul;36(7):1191–6.
Lum E, Murphy PJ. Effects of ambient humidity on the Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometer. Eye (Lond). 2018 Oct;32(10):1644–51.
Chikai M, Ino S. Buckling Force Variability of Semmes−Weinstein Monofilaments in Successive Use Determined by Manual and Automated Operation. Sensors (Basel). 2019 Feb;19(4).

Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2025 Natalia Gamboa Caicha, Aler Fuentes del Campo, Melissa Solar, Rodolfo Miralles

