Resumen
Objetivo:
describir el comportamiento, distribución y severidad de las lesiones de caries en las superficies oclusales de los segundos molares permanentes. Relacionarlo a su etapa de erupción y presencia de actividad en el resto de la cavidad bucal.
Metodología:
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en una muestra de conveniencia de 100 adolescentes, de ambos sexos, (edad promedio=13,39±0,94 años). Los padres respondieron un cuestionario sobre aspectos socioeconómicos y salud general y los adolescentes sobre dieta y hábitos de higiene. Dos examinadoras calibradas realizaron el examen clínico de acuerdo a los criterios de ICDAS II en todas las superficies erupcionadas, así como el mapeo de la cara oclusal y la etapa de erupción de los segundos molares permanentes.
Resultados:la prevalencia de caries fue de un 97% y la extensión (CPOD modificado) de 8,45± 5,10. El 82% de los adolescentes con experiencia de caries presentaba lesiones activas y el 62% de los carioactivos presentaban lesiones únicamente en las caras oclusales de los segundos molares permanentes. Se observó mayor prevalencia de lesiones de caries activas en los estadíos I y II de erupción de los segundos molares permanentes, siendo los sitios más afectados la fosa central y mesial y la fosa central y distal, respectivamente.
Conclusiones:La erupción activa de molares significa una etapa de riesgo para las personas que debe ser considerada al momento priorizar y establecer programas de salud bucal.
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